Baltistan (
Urdu:
بلتستان), also known as
بلتیول (Baltiyul) in the
Balti language, is a region in northern
Pakistan, bordering
Xinjiang Autonomous Region of
China. It is situated in the
Karakoram mountains just to the south of
K2, the world's second highest mountain. It is an extremely mountainous region, with an average altitude of over 3,350 m (11,000 ft). It is inhabited principally by
Balti Shia Ithna Ashri, of
Tibetan descent who converted from
Tibetan Buddhism prior to the 16th century. There is a small minority of
Gilgit-Baltistan (formerly
Northern Areas). Its links with Kashmir as a subjugated people today continues to be an impediment in granting its population citizenship of Pakistan. The
Kargil district of this region is located in the north of
Indian-administered Kashmir, while the districts of
Skardu and
Ganche, whose main town is
Skardu, are located in the Pakistan-administered Gilgit-Baltistan region. The region has the highest peaks of the Karakoram, including
K2.